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Anitha

2019-10-31 Calypso APT: new group attacking state institutions

Attackers exploit Windows SMB vulnerability CVE-2017-0143 or use stolen credentials to gain access, deploy the custom Calypso RAT and use it to upload other tools such as Mimikatz, EternalBlue and EternalRomance. They move laterally and steal data.

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Malware Inventory (work in progress)

Links updated: Jan 19, 2023

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Other malware

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Hashes

MD5	SHA256	SHA1	Filename	File Tyee	Stage
aa1cf5791a60d56f7ae6da9bb1e7f01e	d5afa3bfd423ba060207ad025467feaa56ac53d13616ac8782a7f63c9fc0fdb4	bdd8b9115d1ae536d0ea1e62052485e5ad10761f	MPSSVC.dll	pe dll	Calypso RAT Payload
1e765fed294a7ad082169819c95d2c85	f6a09372156a8aef96576627a1ed9e57f194b008bb77e32ca29ac89505f933f0	60dda7ccd9ae00701046923b619a1b9c33c8e2ac	Wscntfy.exe	pe exe	Calypso RAT Dropper
17e05041730dcd0732e5b296db16d757	b6c21c26aef75ad709f6c9cfa84bfa15b7ee709588382ce4bc3544a04bceb661	f3301405d8ad5b160747241d6b2a8d88bf6292e8		pe exe	Calypso RAT Dropper
1ed72c14c4aab3b66e830e16ef90b37b	eebff21def49af4e85c26523af2ad659125a07a09db50ac06bd3746483c89f9d	dc0d0a34f107d140d9e47582e17a7fec945403ea	coal.exe	pe exe	Calypso RAT Dropper
e24a62d9826869bc4817366800a8805c	c407c3dde18c9b56ed24492ca257d77a570616074356b8c7854a080823f7ee17	53791c9e7c41931a6becb999fee4eb7daf9b1a11	data01.bin	pe dll	Calypso RAT Dropper
c9c39045fa14e94618dd631044053824	ab39301d45045172ad41c9a89210fdc6f0d3f9dccb567fd733b0dbffbfcfbcc3	1cda28bc307c09508dbb1f3495a967bbcc29326e		pe exe	Calypso RAT Dropper
69322703b8ef9d490a20033684c28493	e6a3b43acdaa824f3280095b10798ea341839f7d43f0460df8989f13c98fa6e0	f203680d97705d99f92fe9797691be6177f5fd41	RasCon.dll	pe dll	Calypso RAT Dropper
85ce60b365edf4beebbdd85cc971e84d	5dfdee5dd680948d19ab4d16df534cf10aca5fa0b157c59659d6517fe897c62f	d9c14f7b6de8e26ae33e41a72ae8e35bb1af4434		pe exe	Calypso RAT Dropper
6347e42f49a86aff2dea7c8bf455a52a	281583aca23f8fd8745dd88a600cbfc578d819859a13957ec022b86c3c1c99f4	8b2a81af85590e0e36efc1c05aa4f0600ea21545	HIDMgr.dll	pe dll	Calypso RAT Dropper
cb914fc73c67b325f948dd1bf97f5733	0031c7b63c1e1cd36d55f585d97e2b21a13a19858d5a1aa5455e5cc64b41e6e9	37ce4d0a3168e3b2f80b3fae38082e68a454aee0		pe exe	Calypso RAT Dropper
c84df4b2cd0d3e7729210f15112da7ac	4e8351ddaff18f7df6fcc27a3c75598e0c56d3b406818d45effb4e78616092c2	41a0c5a1aad36f405c8755613c732591e3300f97	mscorsvw.dll	pe dll	Calypso RAT Dropper
5199ef9d086c97732d97eddef56591ec	511683c8ee62478c2b45be1f782ce678bbe03c4349a1778651414803010b3ee9	d19a786adc09dff84642f2c2e0386193fa2a914b	dnscache.dll	pe dll	FlyingDutchman
06c1d7bf234ce99bb14639c194b3b318	a9a82099aa812d0c4025bee2b34f3b34c1d102773e36f1d50648815913dbe03d	464ab9e11d371bf24de46c98c295d4afe7e957c1	fromResource.exe	pedll	FlyingDutchman
617d588eccd942f243ffa8cb13679d9c	0664b09a86ec2df7dfe01a93e184a1fa23df66ea82cab39000944e418ec1f7b2	1b043fdcb582ed13cbf7dabcef6527762b5be93c		pe dll	Hussar
2807236c2d905a0675878e530ed8b1f8	314e438198f8cc2ee393c75f8e9f2ebd2b5133fd6f2b7deb1178f82782fc6330	2f6fe857632a67e87f4f3631bfa93713ccdf168a	AeLookupMgr.dll	pe dll	Calypso RAT Payload
cce8c8ee42feaed68e9623185c3f7fe4	38cc404437b936660066b71cc87a28af1995248d6d4c471706eb1dd347129b4b	9d2235c911b86bb6ad55d953a2f56ea78c5478e5	AppCert.dll.crt		Calypso RAT Payload
e1a578a069b1910a25c95e2d9450c710	413622ded5d344a5a78de4fea22cfdabdeb4cdccf69e9a1f58f668096c324738	36087a5b0809dc3f9dc5a77355a88e99af491a88	RasCfgMan.dll.crt		Calypso RAT Payload
0d532484193b8b098d7eb14319cefcd3	f8043d6bfc3e63d8561f7f74e65cb7ff1731577ecf6c7559795d9de21298f0fc	31f4c6dc6ce78b4e0439b30c830dfd5d9a3fc4fe	RasCfgMan.dll	pe dll	Calypso RAT Payload
974298eb7e2adfa019cae4d1a927ab07	0461710e681fd6dc9f1c83b57f94a88cd6df9e6432174cbfdd70dfd24577a0f8	41bc37679ce3caeecc176d10b4f8259918e25807	VirtualUMP.dll.crt		Calypso RAT Payload
05f472a9d926f4c8a0a372e1a7193998	8017923cd8169bf951106f053408b425f1eb310a9421685638ead55bb3823db3	8d909bd3450ebe0cffd0cb17b91bc28d23ef5083	EFSProvider.dll.crt		Calypso RAT Payload
d1a1166bec950c75b65fdc7361dcdc63	f3f38c097b0cc5337b7d2dbec098bf6d0a3bb4a3e0336e7b1c8af75268a0a49d	5731350f68a74fb4762c4ea878ecff635588a825	RasCon.dll	pe dll 64bits assembly	Calypso RAT Payload
e3e61f30f8a39cd7aa25149d0f8af5ef	c4dc7519bccc24c53794bf9178e4a4d0823875c34479d01cedbb3e9b10f5c730	1b75ea494c3ac171c5177bdcc263b89a3f24f207	MPSSVC.dll	pe dll	Calypso RAT Payload

Types of Social Engineering-Attacks

There are two types of Social Engineering attacks

Human-Based

Human-based social engineering refers to person-to-person interaction to retrieve the desired information. An example is calling the help desk and trying to find out a password.

Computer-Based

Computer-based social engineering refers to having computer software that attempts to retrieve the desired information. An example is sending a user an email and asking them to reenter a password in a web page to confirm it. This social-engineering attack is also known as phishing.

Human-Based Social Engineering

Human-Based further categorized as follow:

Impersonating an Employee or Valid User

In this type of social-engineering attack, the hacker pretends to be an employee or valid user on the system. A hacker can gain physical access by pretending to be a janitor, employee, or contractor. Once inside the facility, the hacker gathers information from trashcans, desktops, or computer systems.

Posing as an Important User

In this type of attack, the hacker pretends to be an important user such as an executive or high-level manager who needs immediate assistance to gain access to a computer system or files. The hacker uses intimidation so that a lower-level employee such as a help desk worker will assist them in gaining access to the system. Most low-level employees won't question someone who appears to be in a position of authority.

Using a Third Person

Using the third-person approach, a hacker pretends to have permission from an authorized source to use a system. This attack is especially effective if the supposed authorized source is on vacation or can't be contacted for verification.

Calling Technical Support

Calling tech support for assistance is a classic social-engineering technique. Help desk and technical support personnel are trained to help users, which makes them good prey for social-engineering attacks.

Shoulder Surfing

Shoulder surfing is a technique of gathering passwords by watching over a person's shoulder while they log in to the system. A hacker can watch a valid user log in and then use that password to gain access to the system.

Dumpster Diving

Dumpster diving involves looking in the trash for information written on pieces of paper or computer printouts. The hacker can often find passwords, filenames, or other pieces of confidential information.

Computer-Based Social Engineering

Computer-based social-engineering attacks can include the following:

Email attachments
Fake websites
Pop-up windows

Insider Attacks

If a hacker can't find any other way to hack an organization, the next best option is to infiltrate the organization by getting hired as an employee or finding a disgruntled employee to assist in the attack. Insider attacks can be powerful because employees have physical access and are able to move freely about the organization. An example might be someone posing as a delivery person by wearing a uniform and gaining access to a delivery room or loading dock. Another possibility is someone posing as a member of the cleaning crew who has access to the inside of the building and is usually able to move about the offices. As a last resort, a hacker might bribe or otherwise coerce an employee to participate in the attack by providing information such as passwords.

Identity Theft

A hacker can pose as an employee or steal the employee's identity to perpetrate an attack. Information gathered in dumpster diving or shoulder surfing in combination with creating fake ID badges can gain the hacker entry into an organization. Creating a persona that can enter the building unchallenged is the goal of identity theft.

Phishing Attacks

Phishing involves sending an email, usually posing as a bank, credit card company, or other financial organization. The email requests that the recipient confirm banking information or reset passwords or PINs. The user clicks the link in the email and is redirected to a fake website. The hacker is then able to capture this information and use it for financial gain or to perpetrate other attacks. Emails that claim the senders have a great amount of money but need your help getting it out of the country are examples of phishing attacks. These attacks prey on the common person and are aimed at getting them to provide bank account access codes or other confidential information to the hacker.

Online Scams

Some websites that make free offers or other special deals can lure a victim to enter a username and password that may be the same as those they use to access their work system.
The hacker can use this valid username and password once the user enters the information in the website form. Mail attachments can be used to send malicious code to a victim's system, which could automatically execute something like a software keylogger to capture passwords. Viruses, Trojans, and worms can be included in cleverly crafted emails to entice a victim to open the attachment. Mail attachments are considered a computer-based social-engineering attack.